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Rhizopus soft rot
Rhizopus soft rot is a disease of the sweet potato. It is one of the most common to affect the sweet potato, happening during packing and shipping. The disease causes a watery soft rot of the internal portion of the storage root. Strategies to manage the disease include the development of resistant varieties, curing through the use of heat and humidity, and application of decay control products.
== Background ==
Sweet potatoes are susceptible to a number of diseases during the postharvest storage period and during shipping.〔Harter, L.L., Weimer, J.L, and Adams, J.M.R. 1918. Sweet-potato storage rots. Journal of Agricultural Research 15:337-368.〕〔Clark, C.A. and Moyer, J.W. 1988. Compendium of sweet potato diseases. APS Press, St. Paul, MN. 74pp.〕 The most common are Rhizopus soft rot (''Rhizopus stolonifer''), bacterial soft rot (''Erwinia chrysanthemii''), Fusarium root rot (''Fusarium solani''), Fusarium surface rot (''Fusarium oxysporum''), and black rot (''Ceratocystis fimbriata'').
''R. stolonifer'' is a problematic pathogen as it infects fresh wounds occurring during packing and shipping. There is limited data on the exact losses attributed to Rhizopus soft rot. A study conducted in the New York City retail market found that the majority of culls due to disease were caused by Rhizopus soft rot (approximately 2% decay in survey).〔Ceponis, M.J. and Butterfield, J.E. 1974. Retail and consumer losses in sweet potatoes marketed in metropolitan New York. HortScience 9:393-394.〕 Anecdotal reports suggest that Rhizopus soft rot is unpredictably sporadic and generally results in heavy losses to entire shipments when it does occur.
''R. stolonifer'' has a wide host range and can affect over 300 plant species including fruits, vegetables, and ornamentals.〔Farr, D.F., Rossman, A.Y., Palm, M.E., & McCray, E.B. (n.d.). Fungal Databases, Systematic Botany & Mycology Laboratory, ARS, USDA. Retrieved May 3, 2007, from http://nt.ars-grin.gov/fungaldatabases/.〕 ''R. stolonifer'' (Ehrenb. ex Fr.) (syn R. nigricans) was first described in 1818 and first recognized as a pathogen on sweetpotato in 1890.〔Lunn, J.A. 1977. ''Rhizopus stolonifer''. CMI descriptions of pathogenic fungi and bacteria. No. 524. Kew, Surrey, England: Commonwealth Mycological Institute. 2pp.〕〔Halstead, B.D. 1890. Some fungous diseases of the sweet potato. New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station. Bulletin 76.〕
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